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Original Research Article
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Changes in the Growth and Yield of Early-Growing Rice Varieties in Mid-Mountain Areas Based on Climate Change
기후변화에 따른 중산간지 조생종 벼 품종의 연도별 생육 및 수량성 변화
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Jeong Ju Kim, Woo Jae Kim, Hyun Soo Park, Un Cheol Shin, Do Yeon Kwak, Jun Hyeon Cho
김정주, 김우재, 박현수, 신운철, 곽도연, 조준현
- To review active climate change responses, especially adjustments to the transplanting time, seven varieties of early-maturing ecotypes grown at Sangju sub-station, located …
- To review active climate change responses, especially adjustments to the transplanting time, seven varieties of early-maturing ecotypes grown at Sangju sub-station, located in a mid-mountainous region, were studied from 2007 to 2022. During the ripening stage (July 29 to October 17), the average temperature was 23.2°C, which was a relatively disadvantageous environment compared to the optimal ripening temperature of 20 to 22°C. The heading date of early-growing cultivars was greatly shortened by 10 days for both normal (May 20) and late (June 5) transplanting. In an analysis of the growth characteristics and yield components, the culm and panicle length, number of spikelets/panicles, and the ripening rate showed high variation without a constant tendency over the study period. However, the number of panicles/plants and the ratio of brown rice increased, regardless of the transplanting time, while the 1,000-grain weight tended to decrease. There were no significant differences in yield observed between the two transplanting times, except for some years. Therefore, based on various variables, such as growth, yield, and quality (although not assessed in this study), the shift in transplanting time for early-maturing varieties in the mid-mountainous region from the current time (May 20) to a later time (June 2) needs to be considered to cope with the future impacts of climate change. - COLLAPSE
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Changes in the Growth and Yield of Early-Growing Rice Varieties in Mid-Mountain Areas Based on Climate Change
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Original Research Article
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Impact of Shading During Rooting Stage on Early Growth and High Temperature of Transplanted Rice
벼 이앙묘의 착근기 차광이 초기 생육과 고온에 미치는 영향
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Min-Ji Lee, Nam-Jin Chung, Woon-Ha Hwang
이민지, 정남진, 황운하
- Crop damage is becoming increasingly prevalent because of the impact of climate change-induced abnormal weather conditions. This is particularly evident in the …
- Crop damage is becoming increasingly prevalent because of the impact of climate change-induced abnormal weather conditions. This is particularly evident in the delayed rooting of transplanted rice, caused by insufficient solar radiation. This delay in rooting negatively affects crop growth, resulting in reduced yield and delayed development. To investigate the effects of shading and elevated temperatures during rooting stage on the early growth of transplanted rice seedlings, seedlings that had been cultivated for 15 days were transplanted into a greenhouse and subjected to varying levels of shading, including 0%(control), 34%, 44%, and 70%. The height of transplanted seedlings increased under 34% shading but decreased under 44% or more shading compared to that of the no shading treatment. As the degree of shading increased, the stem diameter and root length of the seedlings decreased significantly inhibiting growth, dry matter weight, and seedling quality. Additionally, shading increases the nitrogen content of plants because of the absence of soluble carbohydrates, thereby weakening them. The adverse effects of shading on plant growth was further exacerbated by high temperatures. These findings suggest that inadequate, sunlight and elevated temperatures during rooting stage, subsequent to transplanting, may result in delay plant development and decreased resistance of the seedlings to pests and environmental challenges. Therefore, it is essential to develop innovative cultivation management techniques during the rooting stage to improve growth outcomes. - COLLAPSE
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Impact of Shading During Rooting Stage on Early Growth and High Temperature of Transplanted Rice
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Original Research Article
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Evaluation of Planting Distance in Rice Paddies Using Deep Learning-Based Drone Imagery
딥 러닝 기반 드론 영상을 활용한 벼 포장의 재식거리 평가
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Hyeok-jin Bak, Dongwon Kwon, Woo-jin Im, Ji-hyeon Lee, Eun-ji Kim, Nam-jin Chung, Jung-Il Cho, Woon-Ha Hwang, Jae-Ki Chnag, Wan-Gyu Sang
박혁진, 권동원, 임우진, 이지현, 김은지, 정남진, 조정일, 황운하, 장재기, 상완규
- In response to the increasing impact of climate change on agriculture, various cultivation technologies have been recently developed to improve agricultural productivity …
- In response to the increasing impact of climate change on agriculture, various cultivation technologies have been recently developed to improve agricultural productivity and reduce carbon emissions for carbon neutrality. This study presents an algorithm for estimating rice planting density in agriculture using drone-captured images and deep learning-based image analysis technology. The algorithm utilizes images collected from various paddies; these images are processed through pre-processing steps and serve as training data for the YOLOv5x deep learning model. The trained model demonstrated high precision and recall, effectively estimating the position information of rice plants in each image. By accurately estimating the position of rice plants based on the central coordinates in diverse unpaved environments, the model allowed for estimation of rice plant density in each paddy, producing values closely aligned with actual measurements. Moreover, the algorithm proposed in this study provides a novel approach for precise determination of rice planting density based on the position information of rice plants in the images. Analysis of drone footage from different regions capturing portions of paddies revealed that the developed algorithm exhibited a significant correlation (R2=0.877) with actual planting density. This finding suggests the potential effective application of the algorithm in real-world agricultural settings. In conclusion, we believe that this research contributes to the ongoing digital transformation in agriculture by offering a valuable technology that supports the goals of enhancing efficiency, mitigating methane emissions, and achieving carbon neutrality, in response to the challenges posed by climate change. - COLLAPSE
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Evaluation of Planting Distance in Rice Paddies Using Deep Learning-Based Drone Imagery
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Original Research Article
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Comparison of Agronomic Traits and Nutritional Characteristics of Colored Wheat Germplasm and Domestic Wheat Cultivars
유색 밀 유전자원의 국내 품종 대비 농업형질 및 영양학적 특성 비교
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Hyeonjin Park, Jin-Kyung Cha, So-Myeong Lee, Youngho Kwon, Gi-Un Seong, Byong Jun Jin, Youngeun Lee, Jong-Hee Lee
박현진, 차진경, 이소명, 권영호, 성기운, 진병준, 이영은, 이종희
- Recent agricultural practices have depleted micronutrients in the soil, exposing approximately two billion people worldwide to “hidden hunger”, a condition in which …
- Recent agricultural practices have depleted micronutrients in the soil, exposing approximately two billion people worldwide to “hidden hunger”, a condition in which sufficient calories are consumed but there is a deficiency in essential vitamins and minerals. This form of malnutrition occurs not only in developing countries but also in developed nations where staple foods include grains such as wheat and corn. Among cereal crops, the color of wheat grains can vary due to the presence of different pigments in the bran layers. Colored wheat, rich in functional compounds such as anthocyanins, offers various health benefits primarily due to its antioxidant properties. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the phenotypic and nutritional characteristics of wheat germplasm ‘IT016425’ compared with domestic wheat cultivars, with the intention of considering the introduction of this germplasm for breeding purposes. In the field trial, ‘IT016425’ had a heading date and maturity that were 22 and 8 days later than ‘Keumgang’, respectively. ‘IT016425’ also presented the tallest plant height (105.1 cm) but the shortest spike length (7.8 cm) and spike number (14 per plant). The thousand grain weight was similar to that of ‘Tapdong’, measuring 39.0 g. ‘IT016425’ had the lowest protein content, with a mean value of 12.1%, whereas ‘Keumgang’ had the highest protein content (15.5%). However, ‘Tapdong’ and ‘IT016425’ compensated for their lower protein content by having higher levels of total dietary fiber. These cultivars exhibited the highest total dietary fiber content, with mean values of 3.16 and 3.29 g/100 g, respectively, whereas ‘Keumgang’ and ‘Arijinheuk’ had lower values. ‘IT016425’ also had the highest content of anthocyanin, with a mean value of 1.61 mg/100 g. Additionally, ‘IT016425’ had the highest levels of minerals such as K (230.64 mg/100 g), P (190.31 mg/100 g), Mg (45.40 mg/100 g), Zn (1.06 mg/100 g), Mn (0.54 mg/100 g), and Cu (0.12 mg/100 g) compared to the other tested cultivars. Cultivating ‘IT016425’ in Korea may not be suitable due to the common practice of rice-wheat double-cropping, as it has delayed heading and maturity. However, considering its high anthocyanin and mineral content, it is necessary to introduce the beneficial traits of ‘IT016425’ into breeding programs. - COLLAPSE
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Comparison of Agronomic Traits and Nutritional Characteristics of Colored Wheat Germplasm and Domestic Wheat Cultivars
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Original Research Article
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Effects of Biodegradable Mulching Films on Maize Growth, Yield, and Soil Environment Auto-comp
생분해성 멀칭필름 종류별 옥수수 생육과 수량 및 토양환경에 미치는 영향
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Hyun-Hwa Park, Ye-Guon Kim, Yeon-Hu Woo, Do-Jin Lee, Yong-In Kuk
박현화, 김예건, 우연후, 이도진, 국용인
- This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of various biodegradable mulching films in maize cultivation by analyzing crop growth, yield, …
- This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of various biodegradable mulching films in maize cultivation by analyzing crop growth, yield, film degradation rate, as well as soil chemistry, temperature, and moisture. The results indicated that maize plant height, heading, and silking rates were lower in plots without mulching than in those with biodegradable mulching (F, H, and V) and polyethylene (PE) films. Plant height, heading, and silking rates were consistent throughout the study period between PE and biodegradable mulching films. At harvest, there were no significant differences in the number of leaves per plant, shoot fresh weight, stem length, ear length, ear width, maize count, and yield per 10a between the PE and biodegradable mulching films. However, the light transmittance was higher with biodegradable than with PE films during cultivation and post-harvest. At 63 days post-transplanting, the H film showed the highest transmittance of up to 45% compared to the F and V films. Additionally, the films were completely degraded by 14 days post-harvest. The deterioration level (0-5) of biodegradable mulching films increased over time after transplanting, while the deterioration of the PE film was minimal. At 70 days post-transplanting, the deterioration level of biodegradable films ranged from 2.7 to 4.3, and from 3 to 5 post-harvest, with the H film exhibiting the highest degradation. Up to 49 days post-transplanting, the degradation rate of the biodegradable mulching films was comparable to that of the PE film. However, at 63 days post-transplanting, the degradation rate of the biodegradable film was significantly higher than that of the PE film. The H film, with a degradation rate of 56%, showed the highest rate, followed by the V film at 11%, and the F film at 8%. Although soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and organic matter content fluctuated throughout the observation period, there were no significant differences between soils covered with biodegradable mulching films and those covered with PE film. The soil temperature and moisture levels were also similar between the two film types. However, the use of mulch films increased soil temperature by approximately 2 °C and soil moisture by 5-15% compared to non-mulched soil. Thus, the biodegradable mulch films used in this study can be safely used without adversely affecting maize growth, yield, or the soil environment. - COLLAPSE
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Effects of Biodegradable Mulching Films on Maize Growth, Yield, and Soil Environment Auto-comp
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Original Research Article
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Plant Early Growth and Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Seven Varieties of Italian Ryegrass Under Various Salt Stress Conditions
다양한 염 스트레스 조건에서 이탈리안 라이그라스 7 품종의 초기 생장 및 엽록소 형광 반응
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Ji-Hyeon Mun, In-Ha Lee, Ji-Young Shon, Nam-Jin Chung
문지현, 이인하, 손지영, 정남진
- This study evaluated the salt tolerance of Italian ryegrass varieties under various salt stress conditions. Seven varieties, including Kowineary, Greencall, Greenfarm, Greenfarm …
- This study evaluated the salt tolerance of Italian ryegrass varieties under various salt stress conditions. Seven varieties, including Kowineary, Greencall, Greenfarm, Greenfarm 3, IR 603, IR 605, and IR 901, were used in this experiment. Under various salt concentrations, there was no significant decrease compared to the control at salt concentrations of 0.1% to 0.3%. IR 901, Kowineary, and IR 605 had a lower relative reduction rate, but the absolute growth of IR 603 was the highest among the varieties. Among chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, ABS/RC, TRo/RC, ETo/RC, and DIo/RC values (activities expressed per reaction center) showed a significantly negative correlation with growth rates. In the experiment where the salt concentration was drastically increased, the growth decreases in Greenfarm 3 and IR 901 were relatively small compared to other varieties. Among the relative ratio of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, ABS/RC, TRo/RC, ETo/RC (after 1 hour of salt concentration increase), and PIABS (3 hours, 7 days) showed a significant positive correlation, and DIo/RC (3 hours, 1 day) showed a negative correlation with plant growth. In the experiment where the salt concentration was drastically decreased, the growth increases in Greenfarm, IR 901, and Kowineary were relatively high compared to other varieties. Among the relative ratio of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, ABS/RC, ETo/RC, DIo/RC (5 hours), and PIABS (1 hour) showed a significant positive correlation with plant growth. In summary, among the seven varieties, Kowineary and IR 901 had superior relative growth (compared to the control) under various salt stress conditions. IR 603 showed a greater decrease in relative growth but had the highest absolute growth amount under salt stress conditions. In addition, some parameters related to chlorophyll fluorescence showed a significant correlation with early growth, which could be used as indicators of the initial growth of IRG under salt stress. - COLLAPSE
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Plant Early Growth and Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Seven Varieties of Italian Ryegrass Under Various Salt Stress Conditions
Journal Informaiton
The Korean Journal of Crop Science
The Korean Journal of Crop Science
The Korean Society of Crop Science
한국작물학회
The Korean Society of Crop Science c/o National Institute of Crop Science.Suin_ro, 126th [209th, Sedun-dong] Gwonseon-gu SuwonGyeonggi-do, 16429 Republic of Korea
Tel: +82-502-258-1962 / E-mail: koreacrop@hotmail.com Copyright© The Korean Society of Crop Science. Powered by APUB
Tel: +82-502-258-1962 / E-mail: koreacrop@hotmail.com Copyright© The Korean Society of Crop Science. Powered by APUB