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2023 Vol.68, Issue 4 Preview Page
Multivariate Characterization of Common and Durum Wheat Collections Grown in Korea using Agro-Morphological Traits
Young-ah Jeon1
,
Sun-Hwa Kwak2
,
Yu-Mi Choi1
,
Hyemyeong Yoon1
,
Myoung-Jae Shin1
,
Ho-Sun Cheon2
,
Sieun Choi2
,
Youngjun Mo3
,
Chon-Sik Kang4
,
Kebede Taye Desta5*
1Researcher, National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
2Researcher, Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
3Professor, Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
4Researcher, Wheat Research Team, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 55365, Republic of Korea
5Post-doc, National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
*Corresponding Author
1 December 2023. pp. 343-370
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Abstract

Developing improved wheat varieties is vital for global food security to meet the rising demand for food. Therefore, assessing the genetic diversity across wheat genotypes is crucial. This study examined the diversity of 168 durum wheat and 47 common wheat collections from 54 different countries using twelve agro-morphological parameters. Geumgang, a prominent Korean common wheat variety, was used as a control. Both qualitative and quantitative agronomical characteristics showed wide variations. Most durum wheats were shown to possess dense spikes (90%), while common wheats showed dense (40%) or loose (38%) spikes, with yellowish-white being the dominant spike color. The majority of the accessions were awned regardless of wheat type, yellowish-white being the main awn color. White or red kernels were produced, with white kernels dominating in both common (74%) and durum (79%) wheats. Days to heading (DH) and days to maturity (DM) were in the ranges of 166–215 and 208–250 days, respectively, while the culm length (CL), spike length (SL), and awn length (AL) were in the ranges of 53.67–163, 5.33–18.67, and 0.50–19.00 cm, respectively. Durum wheats possessed the shortest average DH, DM, and SL, while common wheat had the longest CL and AL (p < 0.05). Common wheats also exhibited the highest average one-thousand-kernel weight. Hierarchical cluster analysis, aided by principal component analysis, grouped the population into seven clusters with significant differences in their quantitative variables (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this research revealed diversity among common and durum wheat genotypes. Notably, 26 durum wheat and 17 common wheat accessions outperformed the control, offering the potential for developing early-maturing, high-yielding, and lodging-resistant wheat varieties.

Keywords
diversity
phenotype data
Triticum aestivum
Triticum durum
wheat cultivation
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society of Crop Science
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국작물학회
  • Journal Title :The Korean Journal of Crop Science
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국작물학회지
  • Volume : 68
  • No :4
  • Pages :343-370
  • Received Date : 2023-10-16
  • Revised Date : 2023-11-01
  • Accepted Date : 2023-11-01
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7740/kjcs.2023.68.4.343
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