Effect of Pre-Harvest Sprouting on Seed Viability,  Germination and Seedling Emergence Rate of Rice

Jiyoung Shon; Junhwan Kim; Hanyoung Jung; Bo-Kyung Kim; Kyung-Jin Choi; Woonho Yang

doi:10.7740/kjcs.2014.59.4.427

All Issue

2014 Vol.59, Issue 4 Preview Page Next Page

Original Research Article

Effect of Pre-Harvest Sprouting on Seed Viability, Germination and Seedling Emergence Rate of Rice 벼 수발아가 종자 활력, 발아율 및 입모율에 미치는 영향

31 December 2014. pp. 427-434

PDF XML

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of pre-harvest sprouting (PHS)-damaged grains of rice on seed viability, germination percentage and seedling emergence rate. As comparing the seed lots of same cultivar ‘Hopum’ with different PHS percentages, seed lot with 8% PHS (high PHS percentage) showed 30% lower germination than that with 1% PHS (low PHS percentage). The difference of seedling emergence rate and seed viability percentages between the two seed lots was consistent with that of germination percentage. PHS-damaged brown rice was observed protruded embryo, discolored endosperm and fungi infected grains. PHS grains were classified into two groups, PHS-I showing endosperm discoloration in one third of a grain and PHS-II in more than half of a grain. The seed lot with high PHS percentage had much more PHS-II grains than that of low PHS percentage. PHS-II grains showed remarkably lower germination percentage than PHS-I grains and got severely moldy during germination test. In laboratory experiment, morphological changes and re-germination ability of seeds which dried after germination by soaking were tested. Sprouted seeds of 3mm shoot length showed half discolored endosperm and had a strong resemblance with PHS-II grains. Re-germination percentage of 3mm sprouted seeds sharply decreased than 2 mm sprouted seeds. Sprouted seeds which were treated for accelerated-aging (AA) for 24hr at 45°C were significantly reduced in re-germination percentage compared to that of non-AA-treated sprouted seeds. These results indicate that PHS with over 3mm shoot length can severely damage not only grain appearance but also seed viability, germination percentage and seedling emergence rate. Therefore, we conclude that larger difference of germination percentage or seedling emergence rate between seed lots having smaller difference of PHS percentage might be caused by accelerated seed deterioration in PHS-damaged rice grains.

Keywords

rice

pre-harvest sprouting

germination percentage

seedling emergence

seed viability

accelerated-aging

References

인용문헌(REFERENCES)

AOSA (Association of Official Seed Analysist), Tetrazolium testing handbook. www.aosaseed.com (2007)

A Barnard and FJ Calitz, J. Plant & Soi, The effect of poor quality seed and various levels of grading factors on the germination, emergence and yield of wheat. S. Afr, 28(1); 23-33 (2011)

T Westcott and Y Williams, Screening for pre-germination of barley at harvestProceedings of the 40th Australian cereal chemistry conference; 114-125, Melbourne. Royal Australian Chemistry Institute. (1991)

J Bewley, The Plant Cell, Seed germination and dormancy; 1055-1066 (1997)

L Castor and F Frederiken, Proc. Annu. Phytopathol. Soc, Seed moulding of grain sorghum caused by Fusarium and Curvularia, 4, 151 (1977)

DS Cho, IB Kim, T Yun, SK Park and KC Kwun, Research Reports of Agricultural Science-Chungbuk National University, Studies on the viviparous germination in rice-(1)-Effect of harvesting and seeding time (1987)

AS Basra, Seed Quality: Basic mechanisms and agricultural implicationsMechanisms of seed deterioration; 223-277, New York. Food Product Press. (1995)

S Elias and LO Copeland, J. Seed Technology, Effect of preharvest sprouting on germination, storability, and performance of red and white wheat seed, 15(2); 67-78 (1991)

A Gianinetti and P Vernieri, J. Exp. Botan, On the role of abscisic acid in seed dormancy of red rice, 58(12); 3449-3462 (2007)

X Gu, ME Foley, DP Horvath, JV Anderson, J Feng, L Zhang, C Mowry, H Ye, J Suttle, K Kadowaki and Z Chen, Genetics, Association between seed dormancy and pericarp color is controlled by a pleiotropic gene that regulates abscisic acid and flavonoid synthesis in weedy red rice, 189; 1515-1524 (2011)

YC Ju, SW Han, JS Park and KY Park, Korean J. Crop Sci, Effective screening method for viviparous germination of rice, 45(2); 103-107 (2000)

YW Kim, Korean J. Crop Sci, Chemical components related with seed dormancy and viviparous germination in rice, 40(1); 113-119 (1995)

BG Kim and DJ Lee, Korean J. Crop Sci, Varietal difference of viviparity germination-inhibition of rice hull extracts, 41(4); 434-440 (1996)

S Kim, J Won, D Ahn, S Park and C Choi, Korean J. Crop Sci, Influence of viviparous germination on quality and yield in rice, 53(S); 15-18 (2008)

M Lee, S Park and R Park, Annual Research Report, Effect of pre-harvest sprouting on yield and grain quality in rice; 477-480, NICS, RDA. (1985)

SY Lee, JH Ahn, HJ Kim and MY Eun, J. Bio-Environment Control, Relationship among viviparous germination, dry-heat tolerance and seed longevity in Milyang 23/Gihobyeo RILs, 15(4); 421-427 (2006)

DJ Mares, Preharvest sprouting damage and sprouting tolerance: assay methods and instrumentaion. Preharvest field sproutig in cereals; 129-170, CRC Press Inc. (1989)

MB McDonald, Seed Science and Technolog, Seed deterioration: physiology, repair and assessment, 27; 177-237 (1999)

SH Moore and RW Yaklich, Genetic Improvement of seed qualityPathology of seed deterioration; 21-37, Anaheim, Madison. Crop Science Society of America. (2000)

DJ Mares, Problems encountered in storage of sprout damaged barley4th international symposium on pre-harvest sprouting cereals; 212-221, Westview. Boulder, Co. (1987)

M Mos, Plant Soil Environ, Changes in the germination and vigour of winter triticale seeds with sprouting damage, 49(3); 126-130 (2003)

National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Agricultural practical technology for on-site application, 660; 791-792 (2006)

S Oh, C Kim, C Kim, S Kim and J Lee, Res. Rep. RDA(Crops), Influence of viviparous germination on quality and yield potential of rice, 29(1); 68-73 (1987)

K Park and R Park, Korean J. Crop Sci, Studies on the viviparous germination of Indica×Japonica type varieties in Paddy Rice, 29(1); 15-18 (1984)

J Park and H Kim, Korean J. Crop Sci, Viviparous germination characteristics of rice varieties adaptable to central region of Korea, 54(3); 241-248 (2009)

RDA (Rural development agriculture), 5th ed. Criteria of the investigation and data analysis for agricultural R & D, 337 (2012)

M Stahl and AM Steiner, Seed Science Research, Germination and vigour loss of non-sprouted wheat seeds during storage-testing the viability contants, 8(2); 123-128 (1998)

K Suh and Y Kim, Korean J. Crop Sci, Varietal difference in viviparous germination at different days after heading and temperature conditions in rice, 39(2); 187-192 (1994)

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Crop Science
Publisher(Ko) :한국작물학회
Journal Title :The Korean Journal of Crop Science
Journal Title(Ko) :한국작물학회지
Volume : 59
No :4
Pages :427-434
Received Date : 2014-09-15
Revised Date : 2014-10-07
Accepted Date : 2014-11-04
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7740/kjcs.2014.59.4.427

The Korean Journal of Crop Science ISSN:0252-9777(Print) 2287-8432(Online) 한국작물학회지

All Issue

인용문헌(REFERENCES)