All Issue

2014 Vol.59, Issue 4 Preview Page

Original Research Article

Isolation and Identification of Flavonoids from Corn Silk

옥수수수염에 함유된 Flavonoids의 분리 및 동정

Sun-Lim Kim1*
,
Mi-Jung Kim1
,
Yu-Young Lee1
,
Gun-Ho Jung1
,
Beom-Young Son1
,
Jin-Seok Lee1
,
Young-Up Kwon1
,
Yong-Il Park2
김 선림1*
,
김 미정1
,
이 유영1
,
정 건호1
,
손 범영1
,
이 진석1
,
권 영업1
,
박 용일2
1National Institute of Crop Science RDA Suwon 441-857, Korea
2Department of Biotechnology, The CUK Agromedical Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 420-743, Korea
1농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원
2가톨릭대학교 생명·환경학부
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2014. pp. 435-444
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

This study was carried out to isolate and characterize the flavonoids present in corn silks. Maysin content in the unpollinated corn silks (Kwangpyeongok) showed its highest level at 3 days after silking, and decreased thereafter, while the content of open pollinated silks were consistently decreased after silking. This result indicates that the maysin content is considerably affected by the pollination of corn silk. Unpollinated corn silks were collected with excising, and ethanol employed to extract flavonoids at common temperature for 9 days. After extraction, chlorophyll, lipids etc. were removed with methylene chloride, then submitted to flash column cartridge (150 × 40 mm i.d.) packed with a preparative RP-C18 bulk packing material (125 Å, 55-105 μm), and monitored at 352 nm. Four fractions, fraction-I, -II, -III, and -IV, were isolated from ethanolic extract of corn silks. Absorption spectrum of fraction I showed its maximum intensity (λmax) at 327 nm and 239 nm, fraction-II showed its maximum intensity at 339 nm and 274 nm, fraction-III showed its maximum intensity at 345 nm and 277 nm, and fraction-IV showed its maximum intensity at 352 nm, 270 nm, 257 nm, respectively. On the baisis of ESI micro-TOF analysis, fraction-I was identified as chlorogenic acid (m/z 355, 3-(3,4-dihydroxycinnamoyl) quinic acid, C16H18O9), fraction-II identified as a mixture of chlorogenic acid and luteolin 3'-methyl ether 7-glucuronosyl-(1→2)-glucuronide (m/z 653, C28H28O18), fraction-III identified as a mixture of chlorogenic acid luteolin 7-O-neohesperidoside (m/z 595, C27H30O15), and luteolin 3'-methyl ether 7-glucuronosyl-(1→2)-glucuronide, and fraction-IV identified as maysin (m/z 577, 2"-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-6-C-(6-deoxy-xylohexose- 4-ulosyl)luteolin, C27H28O14), respectively. From the ethanolic extract of corn silks, fraction-I was obtained about 35 mg/100 g F.W., fraction-II was about 48 mg/100 g F.W., fraction-III was about 46 mg/100 g F.W., and fraction-IV was about 138 mg/100 g F.W., respectively.

Keywords
corn silk
chlorogenic acid
luteolin 3'-methyl ether 7-glucuronosyl-(1→2)-glucuronide
luteolin 7-O-neohesperidoside
maysin
References

인용문헌(REFERENCES)

1
OM Andersen and KR Markham, Flavonoids: chemistry, biochemistry and applications, Boca Raton London New York. CRC press. Taylor & Francis group. (2006)
2
D Bensky, A Gamble and T Kaptchuk, Eastland Press Seattle, Chinease herbal medicine materia medica; 220-222 (1986)
3
PF Byrne, LL Darrah, ME Snook, BR Wiseman, NW Widstrom, DJ Moellenbeck and BD Barry, Maydica, Maize silk-browning, maysin content, and antibiosis to the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), 41 ; 13-18 (1996)
4
DD Doan, NH Nguyen, HK Doan, TL Nguyen, TS Phan, VD Nguyen, M Grabe, R Johansson, G Lindgren and Z Stjernstrom, J. Ethnopharmacology, Studies on the individual and combined diuretic effects of four Vietnamese traditional herbal remedies (Zea mays, Imperata cylindrica, Plantago major and Orthosiphon stamineus), 36; 225-231 (1992)
5
ALM Caceres Giron and AM Martinez, J. Ethno. Pharmacol, Diuretic activity of plants used for the treatment of urinary ailments in Guatemala, 19 ; 233-245 (1987)
6
JH Chen and CT Ho, J. Agric. Food Chem, Antioxidant activities of caffeic acid and its related hydroxycinnamic acid compounds, 45 ; 2374-2378 (1997)
7
DJ Choi, SL Kim, JW Choi and YI Park, Life Sciences, Neuroprotective effects of corn silk maysin via inhibition of H2O2-induced apoptotic cell death in SK-N-MC cells, 109 ; 57-64 (2014)
8
DD Doan, HN Nguyen, HK Doan, TL Nguyen, TS Phan, VD Nguyen, M Grabe, R Johansson, G Lindgren and Z Stjernstrom, J. Ethnopharmacology, Studies on the individual and combined diuretic effects of four Vietnamese traditional herbal remedies (Zea mays, Imperata cylindrica, Plantago major and Orthosiphon stamineus), 36; 225-231 (1992)
9
MA Ebrahimzadeh, M Mahmoudi, N Ahangar, S Ehteshami, F Ansaroudi, SF Nabavi and SM Nabavi, Pharmacologyonline, Antidepressant activity of corn silk, 3 ; 647-652 (2009)
10
MA Ebrahimzadeh, F Pourmorad and S Hafezi, Turk J. Biol, Antioxidant activities of Iranian corn silk, 32; 43-49 (2008)
11
J Guo, T Liu, L Han and Y Liu, Nutrition & Metabolism, The effects of corn silk on glycaemic metabolism, 6(47), http://www.nutritionandmetabolism.com/content/6/1/47 (009>)
12
JB Harborne and H Baxter, The handbook of natural flavonoids, 3. Flavone O-glycosides, Chichester, UK. John Wiley & Son. (1999)
13
OI Katikova, IV IKostin and VS Tishkin, Eksp. Klin. Farmakol, Hepatoprotective effect of plant preparations, 65; 41-43 (2002)
14
H Khairunnisa, H Puziah and M Shuhaimi, Molecule, Corn silk (stigma maydis) in healthcare: A phytochemical and pharmacological review, 17; 9697-9715 (2012)
15
JT Kim, IM Chung, BY Son, JS Lee, SL Kim, SB Baek, MJ Kim, YUP Kwon, EH Kim and SH Kim, Asian J. Chem, Comparison of the antioxidant activity of maysin (C-glycosylflavone) and other flavonoids, 26(10); 2931-2934 (2014)
16
KA Kim, SK Choi and HS Choi, Exp. Mol. Med, Corn silk induces nitric oxide synthase in murine macrophages, 36; 545-550 (2004)
17
SL Kim, ME Snok, EH Kim and CH Park, Korean J. Crop Sci, Identification of maysin and related flavonoid analogues in corn silks, 45(3); 151-157 (2000)
18
SL Kim, ME Snook and JO Lee, Korean J. Crop Sci, Radical scavenging activity and cytotoxicity of maysin (C-glycosylflavone) isolated from silks of Zea mays L, 48(5); 392-396 (2003)
19
M Kikuchi and N Matsuda, J. Nat. Prod, Flavone glycosides from Lonicera gracilipes var. glandulosa, 59(3); 314-315 (1996)
20
JS Lee, SL Kim, S Lee, MJ Chung and YI Park, macrophages. BMB Rep, Immunostimulating activity of maysin isolated from corn silk in murine RAW 264, 47(7); 382-387 (2014)
21
CS Levings and CW Stuber, Genetics, A maize gene controlling silk browning in response to wounding, 69; 496-498 (1971)
22
J Liu, C Wang, Z Wang, C Zhang, S Lu and J Liu, Food Chemistry, The antioxidant and free-radical scavenging activities of extract and fractions from corn silk(Zea mays L.) and related flavone glycosides, 126; 261-269 (2011)
23
QL Hu, LJ Zhang, YN Li, YJ Ding and FL Li, Int. J. Phys. Sci, Purification and anti-fatigue activity of flavonoids from corn silk, 5(4); 321-326 (2010)
24
KC Hung, The pharmacology of chinese herbs, 246, London. CRCPress. (1993)
25
K Mohammad, S Sodabah and N Farshad, IJT, The hepatoprotective effects of corn silk against dose-induced injury of ecstasy (MDMA) using isolated rat liver perfusion system. 2013, 7(20); 808-815 (2013)
26
JF Morton, Quart. J. Crude Drug Res, Some folk-medicine plants of central American markets, 15; 165-192 (1977)
27
R Mues, Biochem. Syst. Ecol, Species specific flavone glucuronides in Elodea species, 11(3); 261-265 (1983)
28
F Nessa, Z Ismailb and N Mohamed, Int. J. Biotech. Well. Indus, Antimicrobial activities of extracts and flavonoid glycosides of corn silk (Zea mays L), 1; 115-121 (2012)
29
RL Nielson, West Lafayette, IN47907-1150, Corn Grower's guidebook Purdue Univ (1992)
30
BG Österdahl, Acta Chemica Scandinaviea B, Chemical studies on bryopytes. 21. flavonoid glycosides of Hedwigia ciliata, 33; 119-124 (1979)
31
SC Ren, QQ Qiao and XL Ding, Czech J. Food Sci, Antioxidative activity of five flavones glycosides from corn silk (Stigma maydis), 31; 148-155 (2013)
32
CA Rice-Evans, NJ Miller and G Paganga, Free Radical Biol. Med, Structure antioxidant activity relationship of flavonoids and phenolic acids, 20; 933-956 (1996)
33
G Sepehri, A Derakhshanfar and FY Zadeh, Comp. Clin. Pathol, Protective effects of corn silk extract administration on gentamicininduced nephrotoxicity in rat, 20(1); 89-94 (2009)
34
ME Snook, NW Widstrom, BR Wiseman, PF Byrne, JS Harwood and CE Costello, J. Agr. Food Chem, New C-″-hydroxy derivatives of maysin and 3'-methoxymaysin isolated from corn silks (Zea mays), 43(10); 2740-2745 (1995)
35
NK Singh, AN Sahu and SK Singh, Pharmacologyonline, Free radical scarvenging and hepatoprotective activities of standardized methanolic extract of maydis stigma, 2; 440-449 (2009)
36
GE Sprague and JW Dudley, third edition. Corn & corn improvement, USA. Madison Wisconsin. (1988)
37
B Thoudam, T Kirithika, J Ramya and K Usha, Res. J. Pharm. Bio. Chem. Sci, Phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of various extracts of corn silk (Zea mays. L), 2(4); 986-993 (2011)
38
DV Velazquez, HS Xavier, JE Batista and C de Castro-Chaves, Phytomedicine, Zea mays L. extracts modify glomerular function and potassium urinary excretion in conscious rats, 12; 363-369 (2005)
39
NW Widstrom, ME Snook and RC Gueldner, Ann. Plant Resis. Insect Newsletter, Relationship among silk browning, maysin and related silk constituents, 18, 31 (1992)
40
Z Yan, DY Sui, JS Zhou and HL Zhou, Afr. J. Biotechnol, Microwaveassisted extraction and antihyperlipidemic effect of total flavonoids from corn silk, 10(65); 14583-14586 (2011)
Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society of Crop Science
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국작물학회
  • Journal Title :The Korean Journal of Crop Science
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국작물학회지
  • Volume : 59
  • No :4
  • Pages :435-444
  • Received Date : 2014-08-14
  • Revised Date : 2014-09-01
  • Accepted Date : 2014-09-05
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7740/kjcs.2014.59.4.435
Journal Informaiton The Korean Journal of Crop Science The Korean Journal of Crop Science
Online Submission
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close