The Korean Journal of Crop Science ISSN:0252-9777(Print) 2287-8432(Online) 한국작물학회지

The quality and yield of crops produced using field cultivation are expected to decrease due to the recent global climate change caused by extreme weather. The plant reproductive stage associated with crop yields is a highly vulnerable period to global warming caused by high temperatures. This study analyzed the adzuki bean’s yield properties, antioxidant contents, and pollen viability of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis L.) under high-temperature stress and growth periods in a temperature gradient greenhouse that forms 0 to 4°C above the outside temperatures. As the main variety of red beans cultivated in Korean farms, the “Arari” red bean was grown in the rain shield greenhouse and the temperature gradient greenhouse from 2021 to 2022 in Milyang, Korea. Compared to 2022, it showed a 0 - 1.0°C lower temperature during the whole growth period in 2021. However, its average temperatures were 0 - 3.7°C higher in the vegetative stage and 0.4 - 2.4°C higher in the anthesis stage in 2021. The lowest yield (6.8 ± 0.7 g) was at the highest temperature (T4: low, 23.6°C; average, 28.5°C; high, 35.8°C) during the anthesis stage in 2021. The temperatures of the mature stage were 1.7 - 3.9°C, which were higher in 2022 than in 2021, although the low temperatures of 2022 were lower than in 2021. The yields of the mature stage in 2022 increased more than in 2021 because of the high temperature of the mature stage. The growth and yield were good at 40.5°C in the vegetative stage. However, growth was poor when the average temperature was 27.0°C or higher, and yields decreased during the flowering period. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were increased, and the pollen viability was 40.75% in the whole growth period at high temperature (T4: low, 22.9°C; average, 28.8°C; high, 36.9°C). These results showed that the antioxidant levels increased when the antioxidant component was affected at higher temperatures than at normal. In contrast, the pollen viability-related yield decreased as the temperature increased. Our results are the basic data for field growers and the breeding of thermos-tolerance in adzuki beans to prepare for the changeable future climate.