All Issue

2020 Vol.65, Issue 2 Preview Page

Original Research Article

Changes in Fatty Acid Composition and Phytosterol Content in Double Cropping Maize

이기작에 따른 옥수수의 지방산 조성 및 Phytosterol 함량 변화

Sun-Lim Kim1*
,
Gun-Ho Jung2
,
Mi-Jung Kim3
,
Beom-Young Son4
,
Jung-Tae Kim5
,
Hwan-Hee Bae4
,
Young-Sam Go4
,
Gibum Yi6
,
Jin-Seok Lee7
,
Seong-Bum Baek1
김 선림1*
,
정 건호2
,
김 미정3
,
손 범영4
,
김 정태5
,
배 환희4
,
고 영삼4
,
이 기범6
,
이 진석7
,
백 성범1
1Senior Research Scientist, Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16429, Republic of Korea
2Junior Research Scientist, Spokesperson Office of Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54875, Korea
3Senior Research Scientist, Crop Post-Harvest Technology Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16429, Korea
4Junior Research Scientist, Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16429, Republic of Korea
5Junior Research Scientist, Planning and Coordination Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
6Post-Doc. Researcher, Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16429, Republic of Korea
7Junior Research Scientist, Research Policy Bureau of Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54875, Republic of Korea
1농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과 농업연구관
2농촌진흥청 대변인실 농업연구사
3농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수확후이용과 농업연구관
4농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과 농업연구사
5농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 기획조정과 농업연구사
6농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과 박사후연구원
7농촌진흥청 연구정책국 연구운영과 농업연구사
*Corresponding Author
1 June 2020. pp. 93-103
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

The average growth day of 11 maize varieties from planting to silking in the first cropping (FC) was 89.5 days and in the second cropping (SC) was 46.7 days, which was 43 days faster than in the FC. The average 100-kernel weight (100 KW) in the FC was 28.4 g and 18.3 g in the SC, which was approximately 36.4% lower than that in the FC. The average crude oil content of FC was 3.97% and SC was 3.08%, which was about 0.89% lower than that of FC. The composition of stearic and oleic acid was significantly higher in FC, whereas palmitic and linoleic acid were higher in SC; however, linolenic acid was not statistically different between the two crops. The crude oil content was negatively correlated with linoleic acid (FC -0.264ns, SC -0.504**) and positively correlated with linolenic acid (0.526**). Unsaturated fatty acid (USFA) composition showed a significant difference between FC (83.48%) and SC (82.96%). Total phytosterol content was 598.3 mg/100 g and 701.9 mg/100 g in FC and SC, respectively, and showed significant difference by planting dates. The β-sitosterol content showed no statistical difference between the planting dates, but campesterol and stigmasterol were significantly higher in SC than in FC. Therefore, it was considered that the temperature condition during the ripening period affects the 100 KW of maize, and this leads to the variation in phytosterol content. However, among phytosterols, β-sitosterol was relatively little affected by the planting dates. USFA composition showed a significantly negative correlation with phytosterol content. Considering the results, the relatively high phytosterol content in SC was mainly because of the delay in progress of starch accumulation as daily air temperature decreased from the middle of the ripening period, whereas progress of phytosterol accumulation in the maize kernel was considered relatively faster than that of starch accumulation.

Keywords
crude oil
double cropping
fatty acid
maize
phytosterol
References
1
Ayerdi, G. A., M. Berger, F. Labalette, S. Centis, J. Dayde, and A. Calmon 2015. Comparative analysis of fatty acids, tocopherols and phytosterols content in sunflower cultivars (Helianthus annuus) from a three-year multi-local study. ΦYTON 84 : 14-25.
2
Butts-Wilmsmeyer, C. J., J. R. Seebauer, L. Singleton, and F. E. Below. 2019. Weather during key growth stages explains grain quality and yield of maize. Agronomy. 9(1) : 16. doi:10.3390/agronomy9010016.
10.3390/agronomy9010016
3
Chung, O. K. and J. B. Ohms. 2000. Cereal lipids. In: Handbook of Cereal Science and Technology, 2nd ed. Marcel Dekker New York, NY, U.S.A. pp. 417-477.
4
Davis, D. L. and C. G. Poneleit. 1975. Sterols in developing seed from low and high oil zea mays strains. Phytochemistry. 140 : 1201-1203.
10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98594-7
5
Howell, T. J., D. E. MacDougall, and P. J. Jones. 1998. Phytosterols partially explain differences in cholesterol metabolism caused by corn or olive oil feeding. J. Lipid Res. 39(4) : 892-900.
6
Jung, G. H., J. E. Lee, J. H. Seo, S. L. Kim, D. W. Kim, J. T. Kim, T. Y. Hwang, and Y. U. Kwon. 2012. Effects of seeding dates on harvesting time of double cropped waxy corn. Korean J. Crop Sci. 57(2) : 195-201.
10.7740/kjcs.2012.57.2.195
7
Kemp, R. J. and E. I. Mercer. 1968. Studies on the sterols and sterol esters of the intracellular organelles of maize shoots. Biochem. J. 110 : 119-125.
10.1042/bj11001195722683PMC1187116
8
Kim, M. J., H. J. Park, S. L. Kim, J. T. Kim, K. S. Woo, Y. U. Kwon, and I. M. Chung. 2014a. Comparison on the pasting properties of waxy corn 'Ilmichal' during ripening with different sowing dates. J. Agr. Sci. Chungbuk Nat'l Univ. 30(2) : 161-165.
9
Kim, M. J., J. E. Lee, J. T. Kim, G. H. Jung, Y. Y. Lee, S. L. Kim, and Y. U. Kwon. 2014b. Changes in ear and kernel characteristics of waxy corn during grain filling stage by double cropping. Korean J. Crop Sci. 59(1) : 73-82.
10.7740/kjcs.2014.59.1.073
10
Kim, M. J., J. E. Lee, J. T. Kim, G. H. Jung, J. S. Lee, S. L. Kim, K. J. Youn, W. H. Kim, and I. M. Chung. 2015. Changes in ear and kernel characteristics of colored waxy corn hybrids during ripening with different sowing dates. Korean J. Crop Sci., 60(3) : 308-317.
10.7740/kjcs.2015.60.3.308
11
Kim, S. L., M. J. Kim, G. H. Jung, Y.Y. Lee, B. Y. Son, J. T. Kim, J. S. Lee, H. H. Bae, Y. S. Go, S. G. Kim, and S. B. Baek. 2018. Identification and quantification of phytosterols in maize kernel and cob. Korean J. Crop Sci. 63(2) : 131-139.
12
Meza, F. J., D. Silva, and H. Vigil. 2008. Climate change impacts on irrigated maize in Mediterranean climates: Evaluation of double cropping as an emerging adaptation alternative. Agricultural Systems. 98 : 21-30.
10.1016/j.agsy.2008.03.005
13
Meng, Q., H. Wang, P. Yan, J. Pan, D. Lu, Z. Cui, F. Zhang, and X. Chen. 2017. Designing a new cropping system for high productivity and sustainable water usage under climate change. Scientific Reports. 7 : 1-12.
10.1038/srep4158728155860PMC5290742
14
Orhun, G. E. and K. Z. Korkut. 2011. Interrelationships among the oil and fatty acids in maize. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 6(9) : 2115-2117.
15
Rebecca, E., B. Scholz, and K. H. Engel. 2013. Analysis of free phytosterols/stanols and their intact fatty acid and phenolic acid esters in various corn cultivars. J. Cereal Sci. 58 : 333-340.
10.1016/j.jcs.2013.07.011
16
Ryan, E., K. Galvin, T. P. O'Connor, A. R. Maguire, and N. M. O'Brien. 2007. Phytosterol, squalene, tocopherol content and fatty acid profile of selected seeds, grains, and legumes. Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 62 : 85-89.
10.1007/s11130-007-0046-817594521
17
Singh, N., S. Vasudev, D.K. Yadava, D.P. Chaudhary, and K.V. Prabhu. 2014. Oil improvement in maize: Potential and prospects. In: Chaudhary D.P. et al. (eds.), Maize: Nutrition dynamics and novel uses. Springer India 2014 : 77-82.
10.1007/978-81-322-1623-0_6
18
Weber, E. J. 1969. Lipids of maturing grain of corn (Zea mays L.) : I. Changes in lipid classes and fatty acid composition. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 46 : 485-488.
10.1007/BF025443745808507
19
Widstrom, N. W. and J. R. Young. 1980. Double cropping corn on the coastal plain of the southeastern United States. Agron. J. 72(2) : 302-305.
10.2134/agronj1980.00021962007200020012x
20
Zhou, B., Y. Yue, X. Sun, Z. Ding, W. Ma, and M. Zhao. 2017. Maize kernel weight responses to sowing date associated variation in weather conditions. Crop J. 5(1) : 43-51.
10.1016/j.cj.2016.07.002
Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society of Crop Science
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국작물학회
  • Journal Title :The Korean Journal of Crop Science
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국작물학회지
  • Volume : 65
  • No :2
  • Pages :93-103
  • Received Date : 2020-03-02
  • Accepted Date : 2020-03-30
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7740/kjcs.2020.65.2.093
Journal Informaiton The Korean Journal of Crop Science The Korean Journal of Crop Science
Online Submission
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close